全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4428篇 |
免费 | 601篇 |
国内免费 | 438篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 3263篇 |
晶体学 | 50篇 |
力学 | 250篇 |
综合类 | 37篇 |
数学 | 497篇 |
物理学 | 1370篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 69篇 |
2022年 | 70篇 |
2021年 | 129篇 |
2020年 | 151篇 |
2019年 | 172篇 |
2018年 | 149篇 |
2017年 | 125篇 |
2016年 | 213篇 |
2015年 | 182篇 |
2014年 | 227篇 |
2013年 | 322篇 |
2012年 | 322篇 |
2011年 | 364篇 |
2010年 | 248篇 |
2009年 | 248篇 |
2008年 | 277篇 |
2007年 | 249篇 |
2006年 | 253篇 |
2005年 | 180篇 |
2004年 | 169篇 |
2003年 | 145篇 |
2002年 | 165篇 |
2001年 | 125篇 |
2000年 | 96篇 |
1999年 | 99篇 |
1998年 | 86篇 |
1997年 | 73篇 |
1996年 | 47篇 |
1995年 | 70篇 |
1994年 | 60篇 |
1993年 | 49篇 |
1992年 | 51篇 |
1991年 | 31篇 |
1990年 | 36篇 |
1989年 | 15篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 26篇 |
1985年 | 24篇 |
1984年 | 18篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 10篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
1973年 | 7篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有5467条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
11.
Mass concentration and isotopic values δ13C and 14C are presented for the water-insoluble refractory carbon(WIRC) component of total suspended particulates(TSP),collected weekly during 2003,as well as from October 2005 to May 2006 at the WMO-GAW Mt.Waliguan(WLG) site.The overall average WIRC mass concentration was(1183±120)ng/m3(n = 79),while seasonal averages were 2081 ±1707(spring),454±205(summer),650±411(autumn),and 1019±703(winter) ng/m3.Seasonal variations in WIRC mass concentrations were consistent with black carbon measurements from an aethalometer,although WIRC concentrations were typically higher,especially in winter and spring.The δ13C PDB value(-25.3 ± 0.8)%.determined for WIRC suggests that its sources are C3 biomass or fossil fuel combustion.No seasonal change in δ13C PDB was evident.The average percent Modern Carbon(pMC) for 14C in WIRC for winter and spring was(67.2 ± 7.7)%(n = 29).Lower pMC values were associated with air masses transported from the area east of WLG,while higher pMC values were associated with air masses from the Tibetan Plateau,southwest of WLG.Elevated pMC values with abnormally high mass concentrations of TSP and WIRC were measured during a dust storm event. 相似文献
12.
Ju‐You Lu Hong Wan Jianwei Zhang Zhixuan Wang Yang Li Yongmei Du Chunying Li Prof. Zhao‐Tie Liu Prof. Zhong‐Wen Liu Prof. Jian Lu 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(49):17542-17546
A palladium‐catalyzed direct C‐arylation reaction of readily available cage carboranyllithium reagents with aryl halides has been developed for the first time. This method is applicable to a wide range of aryl halide substrates including aryl iodides, aryl bromides, and heteroaromatic halides. 相似文献
13.
Copper-catalyzed C–P cross coupling of phosphonate esters with arylboronic acids has been developed. The reaction provided an efficient method for aryl phosphonates under mild conditions. 相似文献
14.
Back Cover: Ultrasound‐Driven Secondary Self‐Assembly of Amphiphilic β‐Cyclodextrin Dimers (Chem. Eur. J. 13/2015) 下载免费PDF全文
15.
针对星模拟器与星敏感器观星的色温不匹配对星敏感器光信号定标精度产生的影响,设计了一种基于LED的多色温多星等单星模拟器,采用该系统模拟特定色温的星光用于星敏感器光信号定标,大幅降低了色温非匹配带来的定标误差。从理论上分析了色温非匹配影响星敏感器光信号的定标精度的机理;根据设计指标确定了星模拟器的设计方案,主要解决了光源的选型、多色温多星等单星模拟器驱动和控制系统、色温星等匹配算法、多色温多星等单星模拟器软件设计四项关键技术问题;对多色温多星等单星模拟器进行了标定和性能测试:0等星4000K和3等星7000 K星光的光谱匹配误差分别为4.87%和7.83%,星等等级分别为0.03和2.93;光源稳定后,多色温多星等单星模拟器的平行光管出口Φ100 mm口径内的照度非均匀度为6.5%,均满足设计指标。 相似文献
16.
17.
Synthesis of polymer with defined fluorescent end groups via reversible addition fragmentation transfer polymerization for characterizing the conformations of polymer chains in solutions 下载免费PDF全文
Ye Sha Qing Zhu Yuanxin Wan Linling Li Xiaoliang Wang Gi Xue Dongshan Zhou 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2016,54(15):2413-2420
A new type of chain transfer agent used in reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization named 9‐anthracenylmethyl (4‐cyano‐4‐(N‐carbazylcarbodithioate) pentanoate) (ACCP) was synthesized with a total yield over 75% by the incorporation of both fluorescent donor and acceptor chromophores. Polymerization of heterotelechelic α,ω end‐labeled dye‐functionalized polystyrene (PS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and poly(n‐butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) with adjustable molecular weights and narrow polydispersity could be conducted by a one‐pot procedure through RAFT polymerization with this bischromophore chain transfer agent. The polymerizations demonstrated “living” controlled characteristics. By taking advantage of the characteristic fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) response between the polymer chain terminals, the variation of chain dimensions in solution from the dilute region to the semidilute region can be monitored by changes in the ratio of the fluorescence intensities of the carbazolyl group to the anthryl group, which lends itself to potential applications in characterizing chain dimensions in solutions for thermodynamic or dynamic studies. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 2413–2420 相似文献
18.
Mono‐ and Dinuclear Phosphorescent Rhenium(I) Complexes: Impact of Subcellular Localization on Anticancer Mechanisms 下载免费PDF全文
Rui‐Rong Ye Dr. Cai‐Ping Tan Mu‐He Chen Liang Hao Prof. Liang‐Nian Ji Prof. Zong‐Wan Mao 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(23):7800-7809
Elucidation of relationship among chemical structure, cellular uptake, localization, and biological activity of anticancer metal complexes is important for the understanding of their mechanisms of action. Organometallic rhenium(I) tricarbonyl compounds have emerged as potential multifunctional anticancer drug candidates that can integrate therapeutic and imaging capabilities in a single molecule. Herein, two mononuclear phosphorescent rhenium(I) complexes ( Re1 and Re2 ), along with their corresponding dinuclear complexes ( Re3 and Re4 ), were designed and synthesized as potent anticancer agents. The subcellular accumulation of Re1–Re4 was conveniently analyzed by confocal microscopy in situ in live cells by utilizing their intrinsic phosphorescence. We found that increased lipophilicity of the bidentate ligands could enhance their cellular uptake, leading to improved anticancer efficacy. The dinuclear complexes were more potent than the mononuclear counterparts. The molecular anticancer mechanisms of action evoked by Re3 and Re4 were explored in detail. Re3 with a lower lipophilicity localizes to lysosomes and induces caspase‐independent apoptosis, whereas Re4 with higher lipophilicity specially accumulates in mitochondria and induces caspase‐independent paraptosis in cancer cells. Our study demonstrates that subcellular localization is crucial for the anticancer mechanisms of these phosphorescent rhenium(I) complexes. 相似文献
20.